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<p>
Em is a limited hypertext markup language.
</p>
<p>
It is similar to Markdown, but it has a few key advantages:
</p>
<ol>
1. It is more readable.
2. It is simpler to parse.
3. There is *not* more than one way to do it (sorry Larry).
</ol>
<p>
Em takes plain-text readability seriously. You should be able to
write em in a plain-text e-mail message without the recipient noticing.
</p>
<p>
Em is implemented as a portable awk script, whose simplicity speaks
for the benefits of em.
</p>
<h2>Syntax</h2>
<h3>Block-level formatting</h3>
<p>
*A single empty line* always marks a block break. There is
no exception to this rule. The line is removed in the final output.
</p>
<p>
All blocks support inline formatting, except headings,
preformatted blocks and terms in definition lists.
</p>
<p>
One block cannot be put within another block. For example,
it is impossible to put a paragraph or a preformatted block
inside a list item. If you want paragraph lists, just use paragraphs:
</p>
<pre>
1. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit,
sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore
magna aliqua.
</pre>
<pre>
2. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation
ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat.
</pre>
<h4>Headings</h4>
<p>
Headings begin and end with the same number of equal signs:
</p>
<pre>
= First-level heading =
== Second-level heading ==
</pre>
<h4>Lists</h4>
<p>
Lists start with a single space. There are four types of lists:
</p>
<pre>
- This is an unordered list
- With two items
1. This is an ordered list
2. With an item that spans
two lines
this is: a definition list
</pre>
<pre>
[1] This is a reference list
[2] With two items
</pre>
<p>
Unordered and ordered lists can be nested. An additional space
at the beginning of the line increases the item level by one:
</p>
<pre>
- First level
- Second level
- First level
</pre>
<p>
A reference list is a special type of list, unique to em. It is a
type of footnote list, to which you can make inline referencess
like this:
</p>
<pre>
See footnote [1].
</pre>
<p>
There is a special type of reference list item called a *hyperlink
reference*. It contains only a single word, without whitespace:
</p>
<pre>
[1] http://example.com
</pre>
<p>
Hyperlink reference items are removed in the final output,
but you can still reference them inline:
</p>
<pre>
You can download the file here [1].
</pre>
<h4>Preformatted blocks</h4>
<p>
Preformatted blocks start with a single tab:
</p>
<pre>
#include <stdio.h>
main() { puts("Hello world!\n"); }
</pre>
<h4>Paragraphs</h4>
<p>
Paragraphs start with no space:
</p>
<pre>
This is a paragraph
with two lines.
</pre>
<pre>
This is another paragraph.
</pre>
<h3>Inline formatting</h3>
<p>
_Italic, bold and teletype text_ is marked with the asterisk,
the underscore and the backtick, respectively:
</p>
<pre>
Example of *italic* text.
</pre>
<p>
The marks are only valid in certain positions:
</p>
<ol>
1. At word borders
2. After an opening parenthesis
3. Before any of `.,:;?!)`
4. Before a closing parenthesis any of `.,:;?!`
</ol>
<p>
_Inline references_ are created with square brackets:
</p>
<pre>
Example of an inline reference [12].
</pre>
<p>
They are valid in positions 1, 3 and 4.
</p>
<p>
When referencing a hyperlink reference (see above),
the reference is replaced with a link. For example:
</p>
<pre>
It is available for download [1].
[1] v1.tgz
</pre>
<p>
translates into the following HTML:
</p>
<pre>
<p>It is available for download (<a href="v1.tgz">link</a>).
</p>
</pre>
<p>
The default link text ("link") can be changed by setting
the `linktext` environment variable.
</p>
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